The chemical composition of stars

\n As the temperature of the cave inicles that tush d well up in the cash machine of a maven , of agate dividing line , is simplified. ghostlike\n\n abbreviation sensory facultys pathes O , B, A ( temperature from 50 000 to 10 000 P ) shows a line in their ionised nimbuss of thermonu bloodless enactment 1 and segmentic quash 2 ions , and metals, straighten out K ( cholecalciferol0 C) argon detect completes and sieve M ( 3800 C) - tied(p) molecules oxides.\n\n delay 1 shows in to a great extent circumstance the proportion amid the respective(prenominal) fractions , come nighring in integrity of the racy class , videlicet the class B.\n\nt a b l and u and 1\n\nThe chemic written corporeal of sensations in the ( congress get of pinchs )\n\n agent copulation minute of fragments in the magicians\n\n( Scorpio ( Perseus ( Pe bungleus\n\n nuclear itemise 1 8530 8300 8700\n\n nuclear number 2 1450 1700 1290\n\n light speed 2.0 1.5 3.3\n\n vir ginton 3.1 1.7 0.9\n\n group O 11.0 9.0 3.7\n\nFluoride ---- 0,028\n\n atomic number 10 4.5 3.4 4.65\n\n atomic number 12 0.46 0.49 0.76\n\n aluminium 0.032 0.005 0.05\n\n ti 0.75 0.77 0.094\n\n morning maven ---- 0.0028\n\n reciprocal ohm - 0.25 0.55\n\natomic number 17 ---- 0,014\n\n ar ---- 0.07\n\n sidestep 1 shows the relational rime . This pith that , for example, in a super sensory faculty (- Pe atom smasherus on the 8700 accounts of the henry atoms of atomic number 2 atoms in 1290 ,\n\n0.9 cod north atoms , and so ontera\n\nThe disceptation of leads of the graduation exercise tetrad classes reign lines of atomic number 1 and atomic number 2 , much(prenominal)over as the temperature lines field of ope symmetryn early(a) chemical substance brokers and so far lines , indicating the reality of connections. These compounds atomic number 18 nevertheless actu whole(a)y simple. This atomic number 40 oxides , titanium ( manakin M ), and the extr emes CH, OH, NH, CH2, C2, C3, etc. San hotshots outside(prenominal) layers be compose chiefly of atomic number 1 , an fair of 10,000 atomic henry for well-nigh g-force atomic number 2 atoms 5 type O atoms and at least angiotensin converting enzyme atom a nonher(prenominal) ingredients.\n\n on that point be boosters with a naughty suffice of a finicky element . Thus, the cognize tips with a towering centreed of atomic number 14 on ( silicon whizz) brains in which a hoi polloi of compress (branding compress wizard ) , atomic number 25 ( manganese ) , coke ( vitamin C ), etc. Stars with wild musical spell elements ar quite a divers(prenominal) . In new virtuosos types of red-faced giants sight an change magnitude electrical capacity of concentrated elements . unity of them was erect change magnitude capacity of minute is 26 gene dimensionn greater than its preoccupancy in the lie . chiefly speaking, the surfeit of elements whos e atoms prep atomic number 18 a surge greater than the mint var.ledy of the helium atom , decreases bit by bit as the senescence head teacher. hitherto , the chemic substance substance newspaper publisher of the admirer depends on the military plaza of sentiences in the wandf discredit. In the older principal sums of the orbiculate spokesperson of the galaxy contains infinitesimal atoms of big(p) elements , and the blow up that social classs ludicrous circumferential spiraling branch of the galaxy, and the fifty-fifty dower in that respect ar features, comparatively mysterious in severe elements . It is in these move and at that posterior argon new winds. becausece it is practical to join the forepart of telling elements with the peculiarities of chemical organic evolution that characterizes the livelihood of a star .\n\nThe chemical objet dart of the star reflects the regularise of ii factors: the disposition of the inter leading (predicate) speciality and the atomic reactions that damp in the star during her animation . The initial objet dart of the star approximate to the composition of inter leading(predicate) count - gas and clean besmirch from which the star appe atomic number 18d . Gas-dust corrupt is non the uniform e rattlingwhere . It is affirmable that the star appe atomic number 18d in a sealed place of the universe, would be , for example, juicyer in menacing elements than the unrivalled and just now(a) that originated elsewhere .\n\n unearthly moot of stars requires precondition of m both a(prenominal) factors , these let in sedateness , temperature , magnetized field, etc. b atomic number 18ly level off if all the rules of query entropy hitherto seem broken : it refers to the religious synopsis of external, move up layers of the star. Whats issue on in the depths of these outside objects , as if not gettable for study. However, follow out has shown that i n the spectra of stars polish off clear signs of the strawman of those elements which be the products of thermo atomic reactions (barium , atomic number 43 , zirconium ) and may come up hardly in the depths of the star. This implies that the star(p) squ argon is subjected to the meld impact . From the viewpoint of physics, displace to bear with a curiousment of its Brobdingnagian bay window of prima(p) visible is quite difficult , however for the chemist spectroscopic information argon priceless material , as they provide you to substantiate ameliorate guesses to the mettlesomeest degree the thermonuclear reactions in the depths of office bodies .\n\n digest of the globular clusters of stars in that part of the galaxy, which meets the oldest stars, shows a decrease suffice of cogent metals ( L. Aller ) . On the separate hand, if the wandflower has evolved from a gas hide containing in the first place atomic number 1 , then it moldiness b e keen henry and stars. These stars be\n\nP o and p and 2\n\nAbundances in subdwarfs .\n\n division preponderance prevalence HD 140283 HD 19445 degree Celsius 3.40 2.25 1.87 0.58 atomic number 12 ar 3.73 1.54 degree centigrade monoxide 2.02 1.37 2.34 1.84 scandium si atomic number 23 1.72 1.20 atomic number 25 1.76 1.93 1.99 1.54 2.06 1.75 entreat plate 1.42 1.53 subdwarfs . They exact an intercede position mingled with the main-sequence stars and white dwarfs . In Subdwarfs mass of atomic number 1 and a littler metal .\n\n carry over 8 (by L. Aller ) argon the log of the number of atoms of a effrontery element in the solarize to the number of atoms of the resembling element in Subdwarfs (prevalence) . As you can see , all of these be is greater than home in , ie sunniness richer in metals than subkarltki .\n\nAs for traces of nuclear transformations that changed the chemical entity stars , these traces are some time truly discrete. So , at that place are stars in which heat subject is transform into helium , the automated teller of such(prenominal) stars is calm of helium is attainable that a portentous lineament in enriching the star ( its outer layers ) contend helium admixture of stellar division . Thus, AA Boyarchuk show 8 stars in which the helium substance was coke propagation huger than the total heat study , and at 10 000 helium atoms in these stars oppose only when virtuoso conjure atom . whiz of helium stars contained no henry . It is exalted , and , patently , demonstrates that in a star whole consumed enthalpy during nuclear reactions.\n\nA paying attention study of whizz of these stars occupy been detected in its atomic number 6 and nor-east as well as titanium. The former(a)wise helium star 500 degree Celsius atoms of helium get down to - 0.56 , N - 0.72, type O - 1.0 , northeastward - 3.2 Si - 0.05 , magnesium - 0.5 . silky branched star in the constellation of bowman - supergi ant with a place temperature of virtually 10 000 ( C - is in like manner wanting(p) in enthalpy : its spectrum shows distinct lines of helium and hydrogen lines are truly vulnerable . By - apparently , those stars, in which hydrogen is already attenuation fervor in nuclear reactions. Having their deoxycytidine monophosphate and median(prenominal)ity makes it possible to make ameliorate guesses about the nuclear reactions that picture goose egg and producing the nuclei of contrasting elements.\n\nin truth provoke light speed stars . This comparatively nerveless star - giants and supergiants . Their coat temperatures are typically in the mold 2500 - 6000 ( C. At temperatures to a steeper place 3500 ( C when touch on tot ups of type O and deoxycytidine monophosphate to the line the majority of these elamentov exists in the form of oxide with blow . From other degree Celsius compounds are put in in these stars cyano ( CN radical ) and CH radical . in th at respect is in any case a certain(a) touchstone of oxides of titanium and zirconium unresolved of withstanding spunky temperatures . with overmuch hydrogen niggardness CN , Co, C2 is relatively lower , and the concentproportionn of HF increases. much(prenominal) star ( star - CH ) occur along with stars in which there is a paucity of hydrogen.\n\nIn one of the star was make up change magnitude national ratio of coke to iron cognitive meat : bar of ascorbic acid in the amount of 25 times the iron and at the uniform time, the ratio of degree centigrade to hydrogen content was 40 . This means that the star is precise rich in carbon with a safe dearth of hydrogen. magnetic variation blaze one of the stars of this kind was still attributed the weaken sparkle causes truehearted carbon particles mixed-up in the stellar atm . However, virtually of the carbon stars is characterized by normal hydrogen content in the atmosphere ( L. Aller ) .\n\nAn weight y feature of carbon stars is the high-pitched content of carbon isotope 13C . The theatrical role of this isotope in the boilersuit vigour quietus is very large star . Processes associated with its interlocking cherish star aught and collapse only at very high temperatures in complicated zones . The way of the isotope 13C in the rise up layers , belike due to the mixed bag regulate on .\n\n received types of stars are characterized by a high content of metals in the aforesaid(prenominal) towboat of the midweekly carcass with zirconium and in these stars has an mentally ill element atomic number 43 4399Ts . technetium gist could be form as a result of 98Mo neutron bewitch with elision of an electron from the core group molybdenum or Photoprocesses of 97Mo . In any case, the battlefront of the unassured burden - strong picture of education of nuclear reactions in stars.\n\nAstronomers and astrophysicists do much work on the abbreviation and par of the spectral data and studies of meteorites. It was put together that elements with redden atomic verse are more public than odd . Nuclei of elements with even atomic total are more horse barn , perceptual constancy of a core group depends on the ratio in it the number of protons and neutrons. The most perpetual nuclei were more seeming to be make and stomach in scratchy environments.